TCP/IP


#network
- 1 minutes read - 199 words

Acronyms

  • TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
  • UDP: User Datagram Protocol
  • IP: Internet Protocol

OSI Layer

  • Seven layer model
    • Physical Layer (L1)
    • Data Link Layer (L2) : MAC
    • Network Layer (L3) : IP
    • Transport Layer (L4) : TCP, UDP
    • Session Layer
    • Presentation
    • Application

TCP Hand Shake

  • Step 1 (SYN) : In the first step, client wants to establish a connection with server, so it sends a segment with SYN(Synchronize Sequence Number) which informs server that client is likely to start communication and with what sequence number it starts segments with

  • Step 2 (SYN + ACK): Server responds to the client request with SYN-ACK signal bits set. Acknowledgement(ACK) signifies the response of segment it received and SYN signifies with what sequence number it is likely to start the segments with

  • Step 3 (ACK) : In the final part client acknowledges the response of server and they both establish a reliable connection with which they will start the actual data transfer

The steps 1, 2 establish the connection parameter (sequence number) for one direction and it is acknowledged. The steps 2, 3 establish the connection parameter (sequence number) for the other direction and it is acknowledged. With these, a full-duplex communication is established.